Lectures

Power Point Lectures from Phil 12 are posted as they become available

• Exemplary reasoning in science
• Elements of science
• Valid arguments
• Confirmation, falsification, and fallibility
• Observation and categories
• Categorizing phenomena
• Observational research
• Distributions and samples
• Predicting relations between variables
• Predicting from correlations
• Differences between means
• Correlation and causation
• Causal explanation
• Reasoning about and graphing causes
• Causality and experiments
• Causation when experiments are not possible
• Mechanism and mechanistic explanation
• Organization and levels of organization
• Discovering mechanisms